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| US Critical Minerals Supply Chain |
US Mineral Imports Highlight Vulnerability to China
The US critical minerals supply chain remains heavily reliant on imports. USGS reports 16 minerals are 100% imported, including graphite, arsenic, and rare earths. China dominates supply, providing 70% of rare earths. Consequently, geopolitical risks threaten industrial production, defense, and clean energy sectors.
Efforts to Reshore and Diversify Minerals Production
Meanwhile, the US government aims to reduce import dependence. The $12 billion stockpile and allied trade initiatives seek supply chain resilience. However, average mine development takes 29 years, limiting immediate impact. Legislative reforms are critical to accelerate domestic production and secure strategic minerals.
Global Sourcing and Policy Implications
As a result, Canada, Chile, and Mexico provide alternative mineral sources. OEMs and industrial buyers increasingly value traceability and diversified sourcing. Strategic planning and investment are required to mitigate China’s chokehold and ensure stable supply for electrification and defense technologies.
ScrapInsight Commentary
The US remains highly exposed to China for critical minerals, risking industrial and defense supply. Stockpiling and reshoring are positive steps, yet permitting reforms and investment are essential to secure long-term supply and support circular economy goals.
